Spanish Grammar Guide

Independent Pronouns (e.g.: moi, toi, lui, etc.)

On this page: Description, Questions, Exercises

Description

Overview of Independent Pronouns

French independent pronouns are presented in the following table:

English French Example
me moi C'est pour moi.
you toi C'est pour toi.
her elle C'est pour elle.
him lui C'est pour lui.
us nous C'est pour nous.
you vous C'est pour vous.
them (masc.) eux C'est pour eux.
them (fem.) elle C'est pour elles.

Independent pronouns appear:

a) after a preposition, e.g.: pour moi, vers toi, avant nous, etc.

b) by themselves, e.g.: Qui l'a fait? ... moi.

c) after the expression c'est, e.g.: C'est moi.

Since independent pronouns can stand alone, they are the ones used for emphasis, e.g.: C'est toi qui as cassé la fenêtre. Note that when an independent pronoun is used before qui, the verb agrees with the independent pronoun, e.g.: C'est toi qui as ..., C'est moi qui ai ...

Another place you will find independent pronouns is in combination with the word -même to mean "self", e.g.: moi-même ("myself"), eux-mêmes ("themselves"), elle-même ("herself").

In addition to knowing where to use independent pronouns, it's also important to know where not to use them! Bascially, when a verb other than être is involved, you should use a direct or indirect object pronoun before the verb. You should NOT use an independent one after it. For example:

  • je la vois NOT je vois elle
  • il me parle NOT il parle à moi

Questions

Questions about Independent Pronouns

Q: Why is it Moi et ma soeur allons le faire and NOT Moi et ma soeur vont le faire?

Here the subject is equivalent to nous. As such, the verb must end in -ons.

Q: Why is it Il me voit and NOT Il voit moi?

Most pronouns come before the verb in French.

Q: Why is it Je pense à lui and NOT Je lui pense?

This is an exception. When using the verb penser with a human object ("to think about someone"), use an independent pronoun after the verb.

Q: Why is it C'est moi qui dois le faire and NOT C'est moi qui doit le faire?

Here, the subject is moi (1st person singular), so the verb must have the "je" ending, which is -s for -ir verbs.

Exercises

Choose between me and moi:

Il l'a fait pour .
Il l'a fait pour déranger.
C'est qui dois le faire.
Ils vont donner un prix.
Qui l'a fait? ... C'est .

Translate the following:

I know him > .
It was her > .
We did it for them > .
I adore her > .

Tags: imperatives direct object pronoun indirect object pronoun order of pronouns

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